mt training: endocrine

7. TestThe testes are two small, glands suspended from the inguinal region of the male by the spermatic cord and surrounded by the scrotal sac. The testes produce the male gametes, spermatozoa, as well as the male hormone called testosterone.

Testosterone is an androgen (male steroid hormone) that stimulates and promotes the growth of secondary sex characteristics in the male (development of beard and pubic hair, deepening of voice and distribution of fat).

comI. Combining Forms, suffixes, prefixes and Terminology: glands and related terms

*Combining forms*	*Meaning*		*Terminology*	*Meaning*
Aden/o	Gland		Adenectomy
Adren/o	adrenal glands		Adrenopathy
Adrenal/o	Adrenal glands		Adrenalectony
Gonad/o	Sex glands		Gonadotropin
			Hypogonadism
Pancreat/o	Pancreas		Pancreatectomy
Parathyroid/o	Parathyroid gland		Parathyroidectomy
Pituitar/o	Pituitary gland		Hypopituitarism
Thyr/o	Thyroid gland		Thyrotropin hormone
			Thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH)
Thyroid/o	Thyroid gland		Thyroiditis
Combining form		Meaning	Terminology		Meaning
Andr/o		male	Androgen
Calc/o		calcium	hypercalcemia
			Hypocalcemia
Cortic/o		cortex, outer region	corticosteroid
Crin/o		secrete	endocrinologist
Dips/s		thirst	polydipsia (Symptom associated with both diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus)
Estr/o		female	estrogenic
Gluc/o		sugar	glucagons
Glyc/o		sugar	hyperglycemia
			Glycogen
Home/o		sameness	homeostasis
Hormon/o		hormone	hormonal
Insulin/o		insulin	hypoinsulinism
Kal/i		potassium (an electrolyte)	hypokalemia
			(this condition can occur in dehydration and with excessive vomiting and diarrhea. the heart is particularly sensitive to potassium loss.)
Lact/o		Milk	Prolactin
Myx/o		Mucus	myxedema
Natr/o		Sodium (an electrolyte) (an electrolyte)	hyponatremia
Phys/o		Growing	hypophysectomy the hypophysis is the pituitary gland, which is so named because it grows from the undersurface of the brain.
Somat/o		Body	somatotropin Also called growth hormone.
Toc/o		Childbirth	Oxytocin
Toxic/o		Poison	thyrotoxicosis This condition is caused by excessive thyroid gland activity and overscretion of thyroid hormone. symptoms are sweating, weight loss, tachycardia and nervousness
Ur/o		urine	antidiuretic hormone

*Suffixes*	*Meaning*	*Terminology*	*Meaning*
-agon	Assemble, gather together	glucagon
-in, ine	A substance	Epinephrine
-tropin	Stimulating the function	adrenocorticotropin
-uria	Urine condition	Glycosuria A system of diabetes mellitus

*Prefixes*	*Meaning*	*Terminology*	*Meaning*
Eu-	Good, normal	Euthyroid
Oxy-	Rapid, sharp	Oxytocin
Pan-	All	Panhypopituitarism
Tetra-	four	tetraiodothyronine
Tri-	three	triiodothyronine

Gluc/o

sugar

glucagons

hyperglycemia